International Conference on Bioactive Lipids in Cancer, Inflammation and Related Disease
About the conference:
The conference series on Bioactive Lipids in Cancer, Inflammation and Related Diseases is a biennial meeting of the top scientists and researchers from diverse disciplines around the world. This distinguished international event serves as a forum for the discussion and dissemination of the latest scientific information on bioactive lipids in health and disease. Since 1989, the conference has successfully promoted the exchange of ideas, knowledge, and research on the role of lipid mediators in various physiological and pathological processes. Data and research presented highlight the important role of bioactive lipids in cancer, inflammation, and inflammation-induced diseases such as cardiovascular, diabetes, psoriasis, and Alzheimer’s.
Impact of Dietary Omega-3 and Omega-6 PUFA on DHA-derived Protective Autacoid Circuits
GRONERT, KARSTEN1, Carughi, Arianna2, Perelman, Dali2 and Leedom, Alexander1
University of California, Berkeley, Vision Science Program, School of Optometry, Berkeley, CA, 2Health Research and Studies Center, Los Altos, CA
The Western diet contains 20-25 fold more omega-6 than omega-3 PUFA. Based on population studies and clinical trials omega-3 PUFA have been specifically recommended for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, and disorders with an inflammatory component such as retinopathies, rheumatoid arthritis and asthma. However, the mechanism for the beneficial effect of omega-3 PUFA is just beginning to unfold. DHA is a significant omega-3 PUFA in all human tissues and, more importantly, its levels are directly dependent on diet. The discovery of antiinflammatory DHA-derived mediators, protectin D1 (PD1) and 17S-resolvins, provides new insights into mechanisms for the anti-inflammatory effect of dietary omega-3 PUFA. We assessed the impact of short-term dietary omega-3 PUFA and omega-6 PUFA supplementation on lipid mediator profiles and outcome of acute and chronic inflammation in mice. Short-term dietary manipulation of omega-3/omega-6 PUFA dramatically altered formation of eicosanoids and DHA-derived mediators and extend of inflammatory injury and pathological neovascularization. Protective DHAderived mediators, 17-HDHA and PD1, were formed at significantly levels in mice, human corneas and serum from healthy human volunteers. More importantly, an 8- week clinical trial with 30 healthy volunteers demonstrated that fish oil supplements caused only a small significant change in tissue DHA, EPA and AA levels. However, lipidomic analyses of clotted blood from these volunteers demonstrated a striking and selective inhibition of leukocyte lipoxygenase activity. Our findings demonstrate that subtle changes in omega-3 PUFA tissue levels are sufficient to markedly alter the state of leukocyte activation and add to a rapidly evolving paradigm, namely that formation of DHA-derived signals constitutes a resident anti-inflammatory circuit that is amenable to dietary amplification. Supported in part by grants form the National Eye Institute (EY016136 and P30EY003176)
